DMSO Technical Articles

DMSO is used as a solvent in selected photoresist-removal systems. Its role is to help dissolve or remove the organic resist material after the relevant patterning operation. Successful stripping also requires the exposed device materials to remain acceptable after cleaning, rinsing and drying. Identify the resist and the process step A developed resist, a thick … Read more

DMSO is used to dissolve polyacrylonitrile, or PAN, in selected solution-spinning processes. Its role is to form the polymer solution that can be filtered and delivered to the spinneret. Fiber formation then depends on solvent exchange, coagulation and subsequent treatment, not on dissolution alone. The dope is a polymer system, not pure DMSO Published PAN … Read more

DMSO is used as a solvent for NBPT, N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide, in selected liquid fertilizer-stabilizer formulations. Its immediate job is to dissolve the inhibitor and help produce a liquid that can be handled and applied. DMSO is not itself the urease-inhibitor active ingredient. Solvent use is documented, but the blend matters US11198653B2 describes liquid NBPT formulations … Read more

DMSO is used as the reaction medium in published base-promoted acylations and Dieckmann cyclizations that form β-keto esters. These reactions create carbon–carbon bonds, but the route determines whether the bond forms between two molecules or closes a ring within one molecule. Separate the transformations before choosing a solvent A classical Claisen ester condensation joins an … Read more

DMSO is used as a co-solvent in selected alkaline ester hydrolyses. It provides an organic-compatible component of a DMSO/water medium while hydroxide participates in cleavage of the ester. Here water is an intended process component, so an ultra-dry solvent requirement cannot be assumed from unrelated reactions. The transformation and the role of the medium For … Read more

Parikh–Doering oxidation uses DMSO with a sulfur trioxide–pyridine complex and a tertiary amine to convert primary alcohols into aldehydes and secondary alcohols into ketones. DMSO participates as an oxidation reagent after activation; it is not simply an inert carrier. What changes compared with the oxalyl-chloride system Both Parikh–Doering and the common Swern process rely on … Read more

DMSO is used as the medium in selected Wittig reagent-generation and olefination systems. The Wittig reaction converts an aldehyde or ketone into an alkene through a phosphorus ylide. DMSO is not the methylene-transfer reagent in that bond-forming step. Distinguish the salt, base and carbonyl reaction A suitable base removes a proton from a phosphonium salt … Read more

DMSO’s low volatility, water miscibility and solidification near room temperature affect how it is stored, transferred and removed. Reference properties help explain these behaviors. They are not batch COA results, sales limits or approved operating conditions. Reference values and their conditions Normal boiling point: approximately 189°C at about 101.3 kPa. This describes the pure substance … Read more

DMSO is worth evaluating as an alternative to DMF when the process needs a polar aprotic solvent for dissolution or a compatible reaction. The reason to consider the change is clear: DMF carries reproductive toxicity and liver toxicity concerns, together with specific EU requirements for controlling worker exposure. DMSO offers a more favourable toxicological starting … Read more

DMSO, NMP, DMF and DMAC are often considered when a process needs a polar solvent that remains in the liquid phase at elevated temperatures. THF, acetonitrile, acetone and dichloromethane serve different reaction, separation and cleaning needs. Choosing between them requires more than a comparison of dissolving power. For companies reviewing solvents used in EU operations, … Read more